Essay

In current world, many politic systems exist and many countries adopt democratic politic system. But, in the middle ages of Europe, absolute monarchism was adopted because of divine right of kings. This right means legitimacy and absoluteness of kings so that kings made law freely and led in a luxurious life by exploiting a lot of money from their people. In addition, people in such countries was poor because they were forced to work in land their king owned, and had to pay heavy tax. That is, they did not have chance or opportunity of leading freely life or stable life even if they had an ability like good at making something, doing business, and so on. To get big gain, Kings that age prohibited them from taking some actions, for example, kings gave privilege to a merchant which kings made favor. The reason was that king could control and monitor behavior of them easily because of only small part. Take a worse example.
In England, people rejecting unreasonable working were made to be slaves and if they made plans for escaping from their master, they were executed. Such terrible law was made by kings. To change such social environment, and to get opportunity and human right, law-status people determined and took the action. It was revolution. As a result, they achieved what they wanted by the way of knocking down their king. In short, absolute monarchism was rejected all over the world. From then, public opinion became to be essential for politic and this meant that democratic politic started. Early purpose of democratic politics was establishment of human right and free of business and this policy has been achieved.

But, today a lot of another problem exist like debt, border problem, economic depression, diplomacy and so on. What is worse, these problems have been remained for a long time and will be left to future. Why do this happen? The reason is that top of a country adopting democratic politics tend to change immediately and its term of office is short. policy being done by a prime minister or president will be stopped because of lack of time. In addition, making a charge for trivial and private problems may lead to exclude really able politician because we tend to like people apparently not having negative points. Anyway, instability of top is not good. When top of the nation change, next top person may introduce policy different from predecessor. Take an example. As you know, a number of conference of TPP has done between many county, many times, many years. But when next top of the U.S was determined, he said that the U.S do not participate in this. To put it simply, policy demanded for many years tend to be failed because of first reason I wrote. In addition, the number of problem able to be improved only a few years is very small. So, only a lot of cost and debt will be left behind and this will mean big policy can’t succeed.

Secondly, conscious of us become one of the cause. We claim policy we can get gain to candidate in election. But, this ‘we’ never means every people because we have social status or belong to social group like student, employee, age, man or female and so on. Take an example. Many student will claim free scholarship because they think the current repayment type scholarship is too high interest. In fact, many of the reason for those who quit from university are economic problems. But when they graduate from university, they belong to employee. Then, they will claim that income tax or working time should be reduced. They think even if the number of people who can’t keep studying at university has increased because of returning from free scholarship to repayment type scholarship, it is responsibility of the person. Take another example. Elder people claim that their pension or social insurance should be increased. These are based on tax like income tax or consumption tax. But, they dislike raising tax that is disadvantageous to them and require to raise the tax rate unrelated to them. That is, we can see only our own profit, and we demand it. In addition, politicians tend to think about which layer to take preferential policy to win election.

From the above, in the absolute monarchy, the king collapsed the country, democracy has fallen into mobocracy. In absolute monarchy, person with responsibility are decided, political stability is an advantage. In democracy, it is an advantage that diverse opinions are reflected, and the law stands above the king. A political system that combines these advantages would be constitutional monarch. This is the political system in which politics is most stable and smooth.

Reference

•http://www.biwako.shiga-u.ac.jp/eml/Ronso/397/echigo.pdf

•http://www.bbc.com/news/business-32498715

• http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/houdou/26/10/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2014/10/08/1352425_01.pdf

•http://www.y-history.net/appendix/wh1001-023.html